Women Empowerment among students of selected Degree Colleges

 

Laishram Dabashini Devi, Ahongsangbam Sanathoi Chanu

Global College of Nursing, Bangalore.

 

ABSTRACT:

 

 

INTRODUCTION:

Women empowerment is the process of treating the women with the same status with that of men in all the fields of the society. Women empowerment means their capacity to participate as equal partners in cultural, social, economic and political system of a society.1 It has become a movement now but in our country it only seems a distant dream.

 

We make a great show off whenever a woman makes high achievements but instead of showing off why not we accept it to be natural and normal like we do with men doing the a same.2 Even though the world economy, in both developed and developing countries women have been suppressed in all walks of life for generations. Contrary to today’s scenario, even during Vedic era women had enjoyed equal status with men. Now the basic problem a women faces is that of education, poverty and safety and health.³

 

OBJECTIVES:

1.   To assess the attitude regarding women empowerment among female students of selected degree colleges at Bangalore.

2. To find out the association between attitude and selected variables of students.

 

MATERIAL AND METHODS:

The research design refers to the researcher’s overall plan for obtaining answer to the research questions and it spells out strategies that the researcher adopted to develop information that is accurate, objective and interpretable. Descriptive research design has been adopted for the present study. A variable is phenomena or characteristic or attribute under study. Variables are the measurable characteristics of a concept and consists of a logical group of attributes.The present study was undertaken in Om Prabha First Grade College for Women, No. 13/1 & 13/2, Magadi Main Road, Bangalore.The term population refers to the aggregate or totality of those conforming to a set of specifications. In the present study the target population comprises of female  students in the age group of 18-20 years studying in selected degree colleges, Bangalore.In the present study, sample consists of 200 students studying in selected degree colleges, Bangalore, who fulfill the inclusion criteria for the study.Convenient sampling entails using the most conveniently available student as study participants. Since the limited time and availability of sample, convenient sampling technique was found to be appropriate to select the sample.

 

Table-1represents that the majority 38.5% of the participants were in the age group of 19 years, followed by 27.5% in the group of 20years, 26.5% belongs to the age group of 18 years, and only 7.5% were more than 21 years in the study group.Regarding education level majority 100% of the participants were B.Com students and none of them were from other field of education. With respect to religion majority 75%of participants were Hindu, followed by 15% were Christian and only 10% were Muslim.With respect to type of family majority 76% of the participants came from Nuclear Family, followed by 21% came from Joint family and only 3% of the participants came from Extended family.With regard to occupation of mother majority 71.5% of the mothers of the participants were housewife and 28.5% of the mothers were working women.In relation to occupation father majority43% were involve different other occupations, followed by 29% of participant’s father were government employee,16.5% of participant’s father were drivers and only 6% of the participant’s father were farmers.With respect to number of siblings majority 54% of the participants had 2 siblings, followed by 28% of the participants had 1 sibling, 13% have 3 siblings and only 5% had more than 3 siblings.With respect to sources of information on women empowerment 64% of the participants had very less information of women empowerment and 34% of the participants had some information of women empowerment.

 

Table – 1. Classification of Respondents by Age, Educational level, Religion, Type of family, Occupation of Father and Mother, Number of Siblings and Source of Information on Women Empowerment N=200

Characteristics	Category	Respondents
		Number	%
Age Group	18 years	53	26.5
	19 years	77	38.5
	20 years	55	27.5
	21 and above years	15	7.5
Education level	B. Sc	0	0.0
	B.Com	200	100.0
Religion	Hindu	166	83.0
	Muslim	21	10.5
	Christian	13	6.5
Type of family	Nuclear	153	76.5
	Joint	41	20.5
	Extended	6	3.0
Occupation of Mother	House wife	143	71.5
	Working	57	28.5
Occupation of Father	Driver	33	16.5
	Government	58	29.0
	Farmer	12	6.0
	Others	97	43.5
Number of siblings	One	56	28.0
	Two	108	54.0
	Three	26	13.0
	Above Three	10	5.0
Source of Information on Women empowerment	Yes	72	36.0
	No	128	64.0
Total		200	100.0

 

Table 2.Aspect wise Classification of Attitude level on Women Empowerment among Students N = 200

S. No.	Aspects	Attitude level
		Unfavorable		Moderate		Favorable		Total
		N	%	N	%	N	%	N	%
I	Decision making	0	0.0	51	25.5	149	74.5	200	100.0
II	Health and Wellness	0	0.0	69	34.5	131	65.5	200	100.0
III	Job opportunities	9	4.5	100	50.0	91	45.5	200	100.0
IV	Finance	3	1.5	54	27.0	143	71.5	200	100.0
V	Child rearing	8	4.0	49	24.5	143	71.5	200	100.0
VI	Education	0	0.0	41	20.5	159	79.5	200	100.0

 

 

Table 2 shows the aspect wise classification of attitude level on women empowerment. Regarding decision making, majority of the participants 74% had favorable attitude, 25.5% had moderate attitude and none of them had unfavorable attitude. With respect to health and well-being, majority of the participants 65.5% had favorable attitude, 34.5% had moderate attitude and none of them had unfavorable attitude. In relation to job opportunities, majority of the participants 50% had moderate attitude, 45.5% had favorable attitude, and only 4.5% of the participants had unfavorable attitude. With respect to finance, majority 71.5% of the participants had favorable attitude, 27% had moderate attitude, and only 1.5% had unfavorable attitude. Regarding child rearing majority of the participants 71.5% had favorable attitude, 24.5% had moderate attitude and only 4% of the participants had unfavorable attitude. With respect to education majority 79.5% of the participants had favorable attitude, 20.5% had moderate attitude and none of the participants had unfavorable attitude.

 

Table – 3. Overall Attitude level on Women Empowerment among Students

Attitude Level	Category	Respondents
		Number	%
Unfavorable	≤ 50 % Score	0	0.0
Moderate	51-75 % Score	72	36.0
Favorable	> 75 % Score	128	64.0
Total		200	100.0

 

Table 3 shows that the majority of the respondents 64% had favorable attitude regarding women empowerment, 36% of the respondents had moderately favorable attitude regarding women empowerment and none of the respondents had unfavorable attitude regarding women empowerment.

 

Table-4. Aspect wise Mean Attitude scores on Women Empowerment among Students N=200

I.	Aspects	Statem ents	Max. Score	Response
				Mean	SD	Mean (%)	SD (%)
I	Decision making	5	25	20.51	2.9	82.0	11.6
II	Health and Wellness	5	25	19.50	3.2	78.0	12.8
III	Job opportunities	5	25	17.81	2.9	71.2	11.8
IV	Finance	5	25	19.77	3.1	79.1	12.4
V	Child rearing	5	25	19.41	3.2	77.6	12.9
VI	Education	5	25	21.29	3.1	85.1	12.5

 

Table 4 shows the aspect wise mean attitude score on women empowerment among students. In relation to decision making the mean attitude score was 20.51, mean % was 82.0, standard deviation (SD) was 2.9 and SD% was 11.6. With respect to health and wellness the mean attitude score was 19.50, mean% was 78.0, SD was 2.0 and SD% was 12.8. With respect to job opportunities the mean attitude score was 17.81, mean% was 71.2, SD was 2.9 and SD% was 71.2. With respect to finance the mean attitude score was 19.77, mean% was 79.1, SD was 3.1 and SD% was 12.4. Regarding child rearing the mean attitude score was 19.41, mean% was 77.6, SD was 3.2 and SD% was 12.9. With respect to education the mean attitude score was 21.29, mean% was 85.1, SD was 15.2 and SD% was 12.5.

 

Table – 5.Overall Mean Attitude scores on Women Empowerment among Students N=200

No.	Aspects	Stateme nts	Max. Score	Response
				Mean	SD	Mean (%)	SD (%)
1	Attitude	30	150	118.28	15.2	78.9	10.1

 

The Table - 5 shows the mean of overall attitude score was 118.28, mean % was 78.9 with standard deviation 15.2 and standard deviation % 10.1.

 

Table – 6: Association between Demographic variables and Attitude level on Women Empowerment among Students N=200

Demographic Variables	Category	Sample	Attitude Level				χ 2 Value	P Value
			Moderate		Favorable
			N	%	N	%
Age Group	18 years	53	32	60.4	21	39.6	23.16 * df=3	P<0.05
	19 years	77	27	35.1	50	64.9
	20 years	55	11	20.0	44	80.0
	21 & above years	15	2	13.3	13	86.7
Religion	Hindu	166	68	41.0	98	59.0	11.71 * df=2	P<0.05
	Muslim	21	4	19.1	17	80.9
	Christian	13	0	0.0	13	100.0
Type of family	Nuclear	153	62	40.5	91	59.5	7.13 * df=2	P<0.05
	Joint	41	10	24.4	31	75.6
	Extended	6	0	0.0	6	100.0
Occupation of Mother	House wife	143	52	36.4	91	63.6	0.03 df=1 NS	P>0.05
	Working	57	20	35.1	37	64.9
Occupation of Father	Driver	33	10	30.3	23	69.7	3.36 df=3   NS	P>0.05
	Government	58	17	29.3	41	70.7
	Farmer	12	6	50.0	6	50.0
	Others	97	39	40.2	58	59.8
Number of siblings	One	56	26	46.4	30	53.6	8.61 * df=3	P<0.05
	Two	108	38	35.2	70	64.8
	Three	26	8	30.8	18	69.2
	Above Three	10	0	0.0	10	100.0
Source of Information on Women empowerment	Yes	72	44	31.0	28	69.0	5.34 * df=1	P<0.05
	No	128	98	48.3	30	51.7
Combined		200	72	36.0	12 8	64.0

 

The above Table 6 shows that Chi Square (χ²) established at 0.05 level of significance denotes that the association between attitude and selected demographic variables is statistically significant with respect to Age, Religion, Type of family, Number of siblings and Source of information.Chi square established at 0.05 level of significance in found to be non- significant with respect to occupation of mother and occupation of father.Hence the Hypothesis stated there is an association between attitude and demographic variables is accepted.

 

CONCLUSION:

The study was undertaken to assess the attitude regarding women empowerment among female students and it has throw light to empower women in all dimensions which in turn improve the society

 

REFERENCES:

1.      RanaMohak, NMIS, School of law, ‘Schemes and Strategies for Women Empowerment in India’; Lowtopus’ Law Journal, August 31, 2014; Copyright 2016; Available at: URL: www.lawctopus.com

2.      GichkiSanjran, ‘Essay on role of women in society’,; Sanjran Essay for BA level 2013; Available at http://sanjran.wordpress.com/essay-on-role-of-women-in-

3.      Important India, ‘Importance of women in our society’; Published on 21 Sept. 2015 by Gyan; Copyright 2013-2015; Available at: URL: www.importantindia.com

4.      Swayam, Ending Violence Against Women The Status of Women: A reality check, “Facton inequality and crime against women”, 9/2B Deodar Street Kolkata 70019 e-mail-swayam@cal.vsul.net.in.

 

 

Received on 14.09.2022         Modified on 05.10.2022

Accepted on 21.10.2022        ©A&V Publications All right reserved